The EU increasingly embraces the idea of a continental identity, one that\u2019s white and Christian. Is it really the liberal body of remainer lore?<\/p>\n
When Kabul fell in mid-August, almost the first reaction of European leaders was fear of another wave of refugees arriving on the continent. \u201cWe must anticipate and protect ourselves against major irregular migratory flows,\u201d said the French president<\/a>, Emmanuel Macron. Armin Laschet, the Christian Democrat candidate hoping to succeed Angela Merkel as German chancellor in the election that takes place in two weeks, said there could be no repeat<\/a> of the refugee crisis of 2015, when Germany received more than a million asylum seekers. By the end of the month, the European Council had agreed to \u201cact jointly to prevent<\/a> the recurrence of uncontrolled large-scale illegal migration movements faced in the past\u201d.<\/p>\n The focus on \u201cprotecting\u201d Europe from an influx of asylum seekers reflects a troubling transformation of the European Union over the past decade. There was a time when \u201cpro-Europeans\u201d were confident that the world would almost inevitably be remade in the image of the EU, as it endlessly expanded its rules and exported its model centred on the \u201csocial market economy\u201d and the welfare state. Since the eurozone debt crisis began in 2010, however, Europeans have become more defensive and now see the world largely in terms of threats.<\/p>\n